ABSTRACT
The performance of crossbred (1/2 Holstein x Zebu) cows supplemented on Brachiaria decumbens pasture during the wet-dry transition period was evaluated. Eight cows with 497±50kg, during third and fourth lactations and after the lactation peak were distributed in two 4 x 4 Latin squares. The treatments consisted of a factorial with two types of mineral supplements (nitrogenous and mineral salt) and two levels of concentrate (0.3 and 0.6% body weight (BW)/cow/day), based on corn and soybean meal (60:40), and supplied during the morning and afternoon milking. The experiment lasted 56 days, divided into four periods of 14 days, with seven days for adaptation and seven for data collection. No interaction (P> 0.05) was observed between the supplements and the concentrate levels. The nitrogenous salt and the highest concentrate level increased (P< 0.05) the intake of crude protein, and the highest concentrate level increased (P< 0.05) the intake of non-fibrous carbohydrates and the digestibility of crude protein. No effect (P> 0.05) of supplement and concentrate level was observed on the milk constituents and feed efficiency. Grazing crossbred after the lactation peak during the wet-dry transition period achieve the productive potential with 0.3% BW of concentrate per day and mineral salt.(AU)
Foi avaliado o desempenho de vacas mestiças (1/2 Holandês x Zebu) suplementadas em pastagens de Brachiaria decumbens durante o período de transição águas-seca. Oito vacas com 497±50kg, durante a terceira e a quarta lactação e após o pico de produção, foram distribuídas em dois quadrados latinos 4 x 4. Os tratamentos consistiram de um fatorial com dois tipos de suplementos (sal nitrogenado e sal mineral) e dois níveis de concentrado (0,3 e 0,6% do peso corporal (PC)/vaca/dia), baseado em milho e farelo de soja (60:40) e suprido durante as ordenhas da manhã e da tarde. O experimento durou 56 dias, divididos em quatro períodos de 14 dias, sendo sete dias para adaptação e sete para coletas. Não foi encontrada interação (P>0,05) entre os suplementos e os níveis de concentrado. O sal nitrogenado e o maior nível de concentrado aumentaram (P<0,05) o consumo de proteína bruta, e o maior nível de concentrado aumentou (P<0,05) o consumo de carboidratos não fibrosos e a digestibilidade da proteína bruta. Não foi observado efeito (P>0,05) de suplemento e de nível de concentrado sobre os componentes do leite e a eficiência alimentar. Vacas mestiças após o pico de lactação durante o período de transição águas-seca alcançam seu potencial produtivo com 0,3% do PC/dia de concentrado e sal mineral.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Cattle , Diet/veterinary , Animal Feed , PastureABSTRACT
Abstract The present study reports the first case of the presence of the intestinal nematode Strongyloides sp. in fecal examinations of a male Lutreolina crassicaudata, considered a synanthropic marsupial species with zoonotic potential. The Willis technique was used for the diagnosis. Presence of typical eggs of Strongyloides species in feces was detected. A fecal culture was performed to obtain larval stages, free-living adults and infective third stage larvae (L3) of this nematode after seven days, which was morphologically identified as Strongyloididae. This is the first report of infection by Strongyloides sp. in a tick-tailed opossum from Brazil.
Resumo O presente estudo relata o primeiro registro da presença do nematódeo intestinal Strongyloides sp. em exames de fezes de um macho de Lutreolina crassicaudata, considerado um marsupial sinantrópico com potencial zoonótico. A técnica de Willis foi empregada no diagnóstico. Presença de ovos típicos de Strongyloides spp. foi detectada nas fezes. Uma coprocultura foi realizada para obtenção de estágios larvais, adultos de vida livre e larvas infectantes de terceiro estágio (L3) deste nematódeo após sete dias, os quais foram identificados morfologicamente como Strongyloididae. Este é o primeiro relato de infecção por Strongyloides sp. em uma cuíca de cauda grossa do Brasil.
Subject(s)
Animals , Opossums/parasitology , Parasitic Diseases, Animal/parasitology , Strongyloides/isolation & purification , Strongyloidiasis/veterinary , Brazil , Feces/parasitology , LarvaABSTRACT
Objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar o poder dióptrico da lente intraocular (LIO) em miniporco e as dimensões do bulbo do olho. Foram utilizados 17 miniporcos, sadios, adultos, machos e fêmeas, com peso médio de 70kg. Em todos os olhos foram realizadas a ultrassonografia modo A, a ceratometria e a medida da distância limbo a limbo. O cálculo do poder dióptrico da LIO foi obtido utilizando-se as fórmulas Haigis, Hoffer Q, SRK/T, Holladay I e Holladay II e o software Holladay IOL Consultant(r). Na comparação entre o sexo e a lateralidade do olho, não houve diferença nas variáveis biométricas e poder da LIO. A aplicação das fórmulas (Haigis, Holladay II, Holladay I, SRK/T e Hoffer Q) possibilitou o cálculo do poder da LIO. A Holladay II, fórmula que melhor individualiza o bulbo do olho do miniporco, estima valor dióptrico ao redor de 41 D. Os miniporcos têm potencial como modelo experimental em oftalmologia, relacionado ao seu menor porte e à facilidade no manejo, especialmente em experimentos de longa duração.
The aim of this study was to determine the refractive power of intraocular lens (IOL) of mini pigs and the dimensions of the eyeball. A total of 17 (34 eyes) healthy, adult, males and female animals, with average weight of 70kg were used. For every eye, A-mode ultrasound, keratometry and the measurement of limbo-to-limbo distance were conducted, all variables for calculating the refractive power of the IOL. The value was obtained using different formulas and Holladay IOL Consultant(r) Software. Additionally, the ocular measurements were compared per sex, laterality of the eye and the different formulas used in this study (Haigis, Hoffer Q, SRK / T, Holladay I and Holladay II). In the comparison between sex and laterality of the eye, there was no difference in biometric variables and power of the IOL. The application of the employed formulas (Haigis, Holladay II, Holladay I, SRK / T and Hoffer Q) allowed the IOL power calculation for this specie, and the observed value ranged between 39.58±2.15 and 46.60±2.81 diopters. Mini pigs play an important and growing role as an experimental model for study and practice of ophthalmic procedures, specially related to their smaller size and easy management in long-term experiments.
Subject(s)
Animals , Animal Experimentation , Ophthalmology , Swine, Miniature/anatomy & histology , Biometry , Lenses, Intraocular/veterinary , Models, AnimalABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate in the casuistry on class and systems frequently diagnosed in wild animals that were sent to the FMVZ-UNESP-Botucatu diagnostic imaging service. The class of birds was the most referred to the centers, followed by the mammals and reptiles. The majority of the requested tests were the radiographs and in a minor scale the tomography and ultrasound. Although the birds were the greatest number of animals sent to the service, mammals were the most radiographed for wound control. The most frequently observed system was the musculoskeletal caused by trauma, especially in birds. The radiograph was the most exam initially indicated, then the animal could be forwarded to other imaging modalities, which in wild animals medicine is still limited to research.
Subject(s)
Animals , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Radiology/methods , Ultrasonography , Animals, Wild/classificationABSTRACT
The orange-spined hairy dwarf porcupine (Sphiggurus villosus) is a rodent species common in most parts of South America, and little is known about the pathologies that can afflict it. A specimen was delivered at the Wildlife Research and Medical Center (CEMPAS), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. The animal showed intense apathy, with purulent secretion in the nasal cavity and fracture of the lumbar spine. Due to the unfavorable prognosis, the porcupine was euthanized and microbiological culture of nasal discharge showed Staphylococcus epidermidis. The antimicrobial resistance test revealed sensitivity to all tested antimicrobials (ampicillin, oxacillin, tetracycline, penicillin G, neomycin, cephalexin, gentamicin, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazol, cefoxitin and cephalothin). This bacterium is part of the nasal flora of humans and other animals, and may cause infection under certain conditions. In the present study, the infection and colonization by S. epidermidis was the probable cause of the inflammatory process. The sensitivity to all tested antimicrobials suggests that this strain has not been previously exposed to such drugs.
Subject(s)
Animals , Anti-Infective Agents , Rodentia/microbiology , Staphylococcal Infections , Respiratory System/parasitology , Staphylococcus epidermidis/isolation & purification , Drug Resistance, FungalABSTRACT
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the infection rate by Brucella spp. in wild and in captive animals. Serum samples from 121 animals (94 free-ranging and 27 captive) of different mammal species were evaluated. Sera were submitted to rose Bengal test (RBT) for screening and serum agglutination tests (SAT) and 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME) for confirmatory results. Nine animals (five free-ranging and four captive) tested positive in RBT, but negative in the confirmatory tests. Several domestic animal diseases that have control programs are not focused on wild reservoirs, such as brucellosis in Brazil. The study of new reservoirs in wildlife is essential to prevent emerging diseases.
Subject(s)
Animals , Animals, Wild/virology , Brucellosis , Brucellosis/transmissionABSTRACT
Leptospirosis is a worldwide infection that affects many species, including wild animals. The present study aimed to detect Leptospira spp. antibodies in 17 captive coatis (Nasua nasua) by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Nine (52.94 percent) animals tested positive and the following serovars were identified: Copenhageni (22.22 percent), Shermani (22.22 percent), Andamana (11.11 percent), Wolfii (11.11 percent) and Pyrogenes (11.11 percent). Two samples presented coagglutination, one (11.11 percent) for Hebdomadis and Wolfii, and another (11.11 percent) for Hebdomadis, Hardjo and Wolfii. The current study revealed the presence of the infection even in animals without any clinical signs, reinforcing the possibility that wild animals in captivity may be infected by leptospire serovars, thus enabling reservoirs.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Antibodies/analysis , Leptospirosis , Procyonidae , Agglutination TestsABSTRACT
The colorectal carcinoma is one of the most prevalent solid tumors in the word. It is the third most frequent tumor in both sexes, being preceded by lung and stomach carcinoma among men and breast and cervix carcinoma among women. In Brazil, the colorectal carcinoma is among the five more usual neoplasias, ranked fifth in mortality. In 1997, an incidence of 8980 new cases among men and 8650 new cases among women was estimated. The colorectal carcinoma has a global survival rate of 40 per cent, and a small increase has been shown in the last 40 years. The prognostic indicators in this type of cancer are the histological differentiation, the depth of invasion and the lymphatic invasion. Molecular and immunohistochemical approaches have been recently made in order to find a new prognostic indicator other than ones mentioned above. The quantitative analysis of tumor angiogenesis, defined as the growth of new capilars toward the tumor, has been shown to have clinical application in the survival and recurrence analysis. 48 patients undergoing surgery of colorectal carcinoma at The First Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology - Hiroshima University School of Medicine - from 1988 to 1991 were retrospectively studie. There was a significative statistical correlation between angiogenesis and the depth of tumor invasion, and it was demonstrated that the tumor spreading activity is supported by angiogenesis. A non-significative statistical association was found between the angiogenesis quantificationm, hematogenic metastasis, survival and clinical-pathological variables such as size and histological differentiation. The standardization of the immunohistochemistry and the methodology of microvascular quantification are fundamental for comparing results and using angiogenesis as a reliable prognostic indicator.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma , Colorectal Neoplasms , Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasm MetastasisABSTRACT
Os autores mostram um caso de infeccao por Mycoplasma pneumoniae com varias das possiveis manifestacoes clinicas determinados por tal agente etiologico. Tentam estabelecer uma ligacao entre a infeccao e a sindrome de Guillain-Barre apresentada pelo paciente. Por fim, mostram a cura do quadro pulmonar com o uso de terapeutica especifica para o Mycoplasma pneumoniae